Makna Teologis Gerakan Membungkuk dalam Tata Perayaan Ekaristi (TPE) 2020 dengan Perspektif Etika Jawa

Atanasius Deimen Wahana  Utama; Deandra  Pangestu

doi:10.53396/media.v7i2.894

Authors

Atanasius Deimen Wahana Utama Universitas Sanata Dharma
Deandra Pangestu Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53396/media.v7i2.894

Keywords:

Bowing Gesture; TPE 2020; Javanese Ethics; Inculturation; Phenomenology

Abstract

This study examines the theological meaning of bowing in the 2020 Order of the Eucharistic Celebration (TPE) through Javanese ethics, identifying cultural values, lived experiences, and convergences between liturgical and cultural meanings. It employs a qualitative interpretative phenomenological approach involving semistructured interviews with four purposively selected Javanese Catholics aged 40–65 in Surakarta. Data were examined using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and Anscar J. Chupungco’s creative assimilation framework. The findings show that unggah-ungguh (respectful conduct) and andhap asor (humility), internalized through family upbringing, shape participants’ bodily expressions of reverence toward Christ’s sacramental presence. Bowing is experienced as embodied faith, although adaptation varies and one participant emphasizes kneeling as facilitating intimacy with God. The designation of Christ as Sampeyan Dalem expresses culturally mediated reverence without identifying Christ ontologically with a Javanese king. The study concludes that liturgical inculturation operates through bodily habitus and intangible cultural values. These findings enrich theological understanding of embodied participation in the Eucharist and support contextual liturgical catechesis attentive to local cultural dispositions.

Author Biographies

Atanasius Deimen Wahana Utama , Universitas Sanata Dharma

Atanasius Deimen Wahana earned a bachelor’s degree in Philosophy of Divinity from Universitas Sanata Dharma in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in 2022. He completed a master’s degree in Philosophy of Divinity at the same university in 2026.

Deandra Pangestu , Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta

Deandra Pangestu earned a bachelor’s degree in Philosophy and Theology from the Faculty of Theology at Universitas Sanata Dharma in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, in 2022. He completed a master’s degree in Philosophy and Theology at the same university in 2026.

References

Amstrong, M. “Phenomenological Approaches to Liturgical Studies.” International Journal of Philosophy and Theology 85, no. 2 (2024): 145-163.

Anderson, Paul. “Phenomenology and Liturgy: A Methodological Reflection.” Litrugy and Theology 6, no. 2 (2023):145-163.

Bastubacka, Julia. “The Role of Liturgical Signs in Shaping Embodied Worship Spaces in Finnish Orthodox Litrugy.” Studia Liturgica 55, no.1 (2025): 45-62.

Bourdieu, P. The Logic of Practice. Stanford: Standford University Press, 1990.

Chauvet, Louis-Marie. Symbol and Sacrament: A Sacramental Reinterpretation of Christian Existence. Collegeville: The Liturgical Press, 1995.

Chauvet, Louis-Marie. The Sacrament: The Word of God at the Mercy of the Body. Collegeville: The Liturgical Press, 2001.

Chupungco, A.J. “A Definition of Liturgy.” in A.J. Chupungco (Ed), Handbook for Liturgical Studies: Introduction to the Liturgy, Vol. 1 (Collegeville-Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 1997). 1-7.

Chupungco, A.J. “Inculturation of Worship: Forty Years of Progress and Tradition.” Studia Liturgia 33, no. 1 (2003): 3-16.

Chupungco, A.J. “History of the Liturgy until the Fourth Century.” in A.J. Chupungco (Ed), Handbook for Liturgical Studies: Introduction to the Liturgy, Vol. 1 (Collegeville-Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, 1997). 95-114.

Chupungco, A.J. “Liturgical Inculturation: The Future that Awaits Us.” Institute of Liturgical Studies Occasional Papers (2003): 248-260. https://scholar.valpo.edu/ils_papers/96/.

Creswell, J. W. and C.N. Poth. Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design. London: Sage Publication, 2018.

Durheim, B.M. Christ’s Gift, Our Response: Martin Luther and Louis-Marie Chauvet on the Connection between Sacraments and Ethics. Collegeville: Liturgical Press, 2015.

Eko, B.S., dan Putranto, H. “The Role of Intercultural Competence and Local Wisdom in Building Intercultural and Inter-Religious Tolerance.” Journal of Intercultural Communication Research 48, no. 4 (2019): 341-369.

Geldhof, J. “The Sensory Turn in Liturgical Studies: Gestures and the Body in Worship.” dalam The Cambridge Companion to Christian Liturgy, ed. B. T. Morrill. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2025. 210-228.

Firmanto, A.D., dan Wiwin, W. “Unveiling the Javanese Spiritual Legacy: Exploring Its Impact on Leadership among Catholic Priests.” Mysterium Fidei: Journal of Asian Empirical Theology 1, no. 1 (2023): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7882426

Hoop, R. “Then Israel Bowed Himself (Genesis 47:31).” Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 28, no. 4 (2004): 467-482. https://doi.org/10.1177/030908920402800405

Horsley, R. “You shall not Bow Down and Serve Them: Economic Justice in the Bible.” Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 69, no. 4 (2015): 415-431. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020964315592137

Kartono. “Teologi Inkulturasi dalam Ritual Selapanan.” MEDIA: Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi 3. no. 1 (2022): 77-90. https://doi.org/10.53396/media.v3i1.40.

Krajnc, Slavko and Stanko Gerjolj. “Non-verbal Communication and Communicative Understanding of the Liturgy and Liturgical Signs in the Light of Charles Sanders Peirce's Theory of Signs.” The Person and The Challenges 4. no 1 (2014): 77-96. https://doi.org/10.15633/pch.48.

Kyambadde, S.P. Liturgical Inculturation: In the Light of Conciliar and Post Conciliar Liturgical Documents, 2007.

Lesmana, I. Bayu, dkk. “Appreciation of Catur Sembah in The Context of The Eucharist and Javanese Tradition or Javanese Transmigrants in Tugumulyo Oki, South Sumatera.” Proceedings of the International Conference on Theology, Religion, Culture, and Humanities 1. no. 2 (2024): 248-262. https://doi.org/10.24071/tic.v1i2.9059.

Levi, A.H. “Worship: Bowing Down in the Service of God.” Religious Studies 58, no. 3 (2022): 487-504. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0034412521000044

Martasudjita, E. Ekaristi: Tinjauan Teologis, Liturgis, dan Pastoral. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2005.

Martasudjita, E. Teologi Inkulturasi: Perayaan Injil Yesus Kristus di Bumi Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2021.

Martasudjita, E. “Proses Inkulturasi Liturgi di Indonesia.” Studia Philosophica et Theologica 10. no. 1 (2010): 39-60. https://doi.org/10.35312/spet.v10i1.92.

Rachmadiana, Metta. “Mencium Tangan, Membungkukkan Badan. Etos Budaya Sunda, Yogyakarta, Madura.” Indonesian Psychological Journal 1, no.2 (2004): 33-44. https://doi.org/10.26555/humanitas.v1i2.20280.

Russell, D.S. “Body Language in Worship and Prayer.” The Expository Times 124. no. 3 (2012): 123-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/001452460111200406.

Schememann, A. For the Life of the World: Sacraments and Othodoxy. Crestwood: St Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 1973.

Sinaga, N. “Universalitas Keselamatan di Sion-Ibu: Sebuah Tafsiran atas Mzm 87,” Logos: Jurnal Filsafat-Teologi 10. no. 1 (2013): 43-69. https://doi.org/10.54367/logos.v10i1.882.

Smith, Jonathan A., Paul Flowers, P., dan Larkin, M. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis: Theory, Method, and Research. London: Sage Publication, 2009.

Suseno, Franz Magnis. Etika Jawa: Sebuah Analisa Falsafi tentang Kebijaksanaan Hidup Jawa. Jakarta: PT Gramedia, 1984.